What is an epididymal head cyst containing sperm?

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A cyst in the epididymal head that contains sperm is called a spermatocele. It arises from dilation of the epididymal ducts in the head and fills with sperm-containing fluid. Clinically, it presents as a painless, smooth, cystic mass that is separate from the testis and often sits above and behind it. It may transilluminate, reflecting its fluid contents. This distinguishes it from a hydrocele, which is fluid around the testis within the tunica vaginalis, and from an epididymal cyst that typically contains clear fluid without sperm. A varicocele is a venous dilation in the pampiniform plexus and feels like a “bag of worms” rather than a mobile cystic mass. Therefore, the description points to a spermatocele.