What is the most common malignant tumor of the testis?

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What is the most common malignant tumor of the testis?

Germ cell tumors dominate testicular cancers, and in adults the most common malignant type is seminoma. Seminomas arise from germ cells and typically present as a painless, firm intratesticular mass in men in their 30s to 40s. They usually do not elevate AFP, though a minority may have a modest rise in β-hCG due to syncytiotrophoblastic cells; this helps distinguish them from other tumors. Seminomas are highly radiosensitive and have an excellent prognosis with orchiectomy, often followed by radiotherapy or surveillance. Yolk sac tumors are more common in children and characteristically elevate AFP. Testicular lymphoma is the most common testicular tumor in older men but is not the overall most frequent malignant testicular tumor. Teratoma occurs across ages but is less common than seminoma in adults.

Germ cell tumors dominate testicular cancers, and in adults the most common malignant type is seminoma. Seminomas arise from germ cells and typically present as a painless, firm intratesticular mass in men in their 30s to 40s. They usually do not elevate AFP, though a minority may have a modest rise in β-hCG due to syncytiotrophoblastic cells; this helps distinguish them from other tumors. Seminomas are highly radiosensitive and have an excellent prognosis with orchiectomy, often followed by radiotherapy or surveillance.

Yolk sac tumors are more common in children and characteristically elevate AFP. Testicular lymphoma is the most common testicular tumor in older men but is not the overall most frequent malignant testicular tumor. Teratoma occurs across ages but is less common than seminoma in adults.

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