Which term describes a diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland?

• A. Goiter
• B. Adenoma
• C. Hyperthyroidism
• D. Nodule

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is the pattern of enlargement. A goiter describes the thyroid gland enlarging in a diffuse, uniform way, so the whole gland is bigger rather than forming a lump or discrete bumps. That’s why it’s the correct term for a diffuse enlargement.

In contrast, an adenoma is a single benign tumor arising in the thyroid, typically producing a discrete lump. A thyroid nodule is any distinct lesion within the gland, which can be solitary or multiple but is focal rather than affecting the entire gland. Hyperthyroidism is a functional state with increased hormone production; it may occur with a goiter, but it doesn’t define the enlargement pattern itself.